PL 520/07 e gestão do lixo
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(retirado do site da UFRRJ)
Saiu hoje na Agência Câmara uma notícia sobre um projeto de lei proíbe o uso de garrafas PET para alimentos e bebidas.
Trata-se do PL 520/07 proposta pelo Deputado Jovair Arantes. Entre suas justificativas o deputado chama atenção para o fato de que esse tipo de embalagem é um dos maiores problemas no que diz respeito à gestão de resíduos sólidos nas áreas urbana; salienta o enorme tempo que esse tipo demora para se decompor; trata da relação entre os hábitos inadequados da população no trato desse lixo que acaba levando ás enchentes, alagamentos, etc. O deputado apresenta dados de 2002 segundo os quais apenas 26% das embalagens PET produzidas pelo Brasil eram recicladas.
Além disso, é mencionado que o problema pode ser agravado caso o interesse das industrias de cerveja de substituir suas embalagens de alumínio e vidro pelas de plástico seja concretizado, assim, ele nos explica:
Entendemos que o Brasil deve caminhar no sentido inverso, de promover o consumo sustentável, induzindo as indústrias e a população a utilizar materiais que sejam biodegradáveis ou que possam ser reutilizados com facilidade, como é o caso do vidro.
As garrafas retornáveis de vidro são 20% mais baratas e apresentam vantagem competitiva para a indústria, pois o consumidor tende a ser fiel ao produto da embalagem que já possui. Muitos consumidores deixam de comprar produtos embalados em recipientes retornáveis simplesmente porque não os encontram nos supermercados.
Além disso, ainda que a garrafa PET possa ser reciclada, não pode ser simplesmente reutilizada, pois o material têm que passar por novo processo industrial. O PET já usado não pode sequer ser empregado na produção de novas embalagens de alimentos (…) a elaboração de embalagens e equipamentos destinados a entrar em contato com alimentos deve ser feita com material virgem, sendo proibido o uso de materiais provenientes de embalagens já utilizadas. vidro, ao contrário, possui um ciclo fechado. As garrafas podem ser simplesmente lavadas, higienizadas e reutilizadas. Os cacos podem ser novamente usados para produção de recipientes com o mesmo fim.
A primeira coisa que eu pensei com esse trecho foi que eu realmente não gostaria de comprar alimentos com embalagem feita de plástico reciclado, talvez eu esteja completamente enganada (mas talvez não, porque afinal isso é proibido) mas não me parece um processo muito higiênico.
Apesar dos dados informados pelo deputado devo admitir que eu não deixo de comprar alimentos de recipientes retornáveis simplesmente porque não encontro no supermercado, eu acho muito pouco prático. Me lembro quando eu era pequena que minha mãe tinha lá em casa umas caixas com garras de vidro que nós trocávamos no supermercado, era um baita entulho e era um saco ter que ficar carregando a garrafa toda vez que ia comprar refrigerante.
Será que não tem uma maneira de resolvermos o problema que combine consciência ecológica com praticidade?
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